Adaptation of Developed Technologies in Wheat Cultivated Fields under Saline Condition
Seyed Ali Mohammad
Cheraghi
Assistant Professors and Researcher of Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
author
seyed Ebrahim
Dehqanian
Researcher of Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
author
text
article
2015
per
Research findings and their application in the field is a prerequisite for any improvement in quality and quality of agricultural products. The main objective of this research was to extend and adapt the research findings on salinity in wheat cultivated fields. Based on this, recommendations were made on various management practices including land preparation, irrigation methods and crop variety selection. Execution of these recommendations on a five hectare field for two consecutive years and comparison of the results with that of farmer’s field adjacent to the experimental field showed the following results: In the first year wheat grain yield obtained from the experimental field was 4890 kg.ha-1. This was 9.6 percent higher than the yield obtained from the farmer’s field. Water productivity (WP) defined as the ratio of crop yield to applied water was 1.1 kg.m-3 in the experimental field showing an increase of 51.7 percents compared to WP calculated for the farmer’s field. In the second year, grain yield from the experimental field was 4870 kg.ha-1. This was 38 percent higher than the yield obtained from the farmer’s field. WP for the experimental field in this year was 0.91 kg.m-3. Considering the significant effect of the recommended practices on WP, it is proposed that the result of this project to be out scaled in fulfilling the objective of the 5th national development plant for increase in water productivity and irrigation efficiency.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
1
10
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87742_d72ab3f7c52cb2bce191ece2659c7b1d.pdf
Application and Management of Brackish and Saline Water in Sabzevar Late Melon
Javad
Baghani
Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
Mehdi
Azizi
Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
Mohammad
Karimi
Accademic Member, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Research Center of Agriculture
and Natural Resources
author
text
article
2015
per
Proper planting crops using saltwater and brackish water can effectively increase the income of farmers and exports out of the country. Most melons are now planted in Khorasan are not suitable for export to other countries. To investigate the possibility of using saltwater and brackishon on Sabzevar late melon (Mahvelati), was experiment with 7 treatments and 3 replications in a randomized complete block design with drip irrigation, in Mashhad. Irrigation treatments were, fresh water from planting to harvest, water (3 dS/m) from planting to harvest, water (6 dS/m) from planting to harvest, water (6 dS/m) from 20 days after plantation to harvest, water (6 dS/m) from 40 days after plantation to harvesting, water (3 dS/m) from 20 days after plantation to harvest and water (6 dS/m) from 40 days after plantation to harvest. Result showed that, wwith increasing salinity, total yield, marketable yield and water use efficiency decreased. But the difference between saltwater and brackish water treatment practices was significant. Irrigation with fresh water at the beginning of the growing season, the product does not increase, but put more stress on the plant. With the increase in salinity and decrease product, still produced fruits are suitable for export.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
11
18
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87744_33989822404d073678f33e64200cda9f.pdf
Influence of Increasing Wasteway Sill Elevation on Discharge Changes in Doroodzan Irrigation Network
Mohammad Ali
Shahrokhnia
Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Fars Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
text
article
2015
per
The low efficiency and weak performance of Doroodzan irrigation and drainage network, and other irrigation and drainage networks in Iran, make researchers to evaluate and solve the problems. Water distribution and management of related structures are important research subjects. In Doroodzan irrigation network, radial gates and constant head orifices, control and deliver water to farms. Complexity of the radial gates hydraulic algorithms, and farmers interference in gates regulating, cause problems for water distribution. In the present study, the influence of weir elevation setting on offtaking discharge change was evaluated. The selected radial gate was closed about 20, 50, and 80% of the initial gate opening, and elevation of the external wasteway was raised about 7, 14, and 20 centimeter. Results showed that raising elevation of external wasteways to an elevation higher than internal wasteways, decreases the wastewater and the discharge changes in offtakes, and leads to easier management of the system.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
19
28
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87745_1a4978d20f5067b4c099465fcbde4df8.pdf
Irrigation by Different Levels of Wastewater and Its Effects on Soil Chemical Properties
Massoumeh
Delbari
Associate Professor, Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Water and Soil, Zabol University
author
Rasoul
Asadi
Lecturer of Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2015
per
Due to the necessity of wastewater reuse in arid regions and the necessity of investigation on the fate of added materials into the soil, a field experiment was carried out in 2013 at experimental farm in Kerman city. The treatments were laid out in split plot a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) design with three replications. The treatments were comprised of I1: 100 percent of groundwater, I2: 50 percent of groundwater and 50 percent of wastewater and I3: 100 percent of wastewater. Irrigation period was 6 days and lasted for 4 months. Samplings were done for the middle part of furrows in two depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm in every treatment. Results showed the reduction of pH, and increment of salinity, phosphate phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and heavy metals of using wastewater compare to groundwater. Moreover, the results indicate the increasing of accumulation of heavy metals in soil depth applying furrow irrigation in comparison to drip irrigation.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
29
38
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87802_6a7352fc46a1f0b6746496b62f04825c.pdf
Limitations and Agronomic Approaches for Enhancing Wheat’s Water Use Efficiency in the Azadegan Plain of Khuzestan Province
Nader
Heydari
Associate Prof., Irrigation. and Drainage Dep., Agr. Eng. Res. Ins. (AERI), Karaj, Iran
author
Shokrollah
Absalan
Academic staff., Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center, Ahwaz, Iran.
author
text
article
2015
per
Azadegan Plain (AP) in Khuzestan province is located in the downstream of Karkheh River Basin (KRB). Wheat is the main crop cultivated in this plain and beacause of soil and water limitations, mainly salinity and waterlogging, its average yield is not beyond 1.5 tons per hectare. The objective of this research is to find out the limitations and sources of inefficiencies in enhancing water use efficiency (WUE) of Wheat crop in the AP. Hence, based on information and data obtained from the the two years experiments, some extention approaches and measures were proposed for the improvement of Wheat’ WUE in the plain. Analysis of measured WUEs indicated that the range of variation in WUE values is relatively high and varies between 0.1-2.1 Kg.m-3. Evaluation of results indicated that sources of inefficiencies and the limiting factors affecting WUE in the AP are combined effects of soil salinity, waterlogging, poor irrigation management, and other crop and field management practices. For obtaining higher WUEs in the plain, the following actions should be practiced: 1) The common traditional irrigation method to be changed the basin irrigation method, 2) The proper plots to be conducted based on the field slope, 3) Construction of fixed and simple water barriers for water intake to the field channels, 4) Ttraining of the farmers and required technical support to them.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
39
54
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87809_0a507f6df46b3e871775a4113ecfb88b.pdf
Evaluation of Drip Irrigation Systems in the Kiwifruit Gardens of East Guilan Province
Salman
bamdad Machiani
M.Sc. student of irrigation and drainage, University of Guila
author
Mohammad Reza
Khaledia
Assistant professor, University of Guilan
author
Mohammad Hassan
Biglouei
Assistant professor, University of Guilan
author
Afshin
Ashrafzadeh
Assistant professor, University of Guilan
author
text
article
2015
per
Due to the scarcity of water resources, making use of new irrigation techniques in agriculture is crucial. Drip irrigation due to its capacity in uniform distribution of water, can be considered as a perfect solution for the optimal use of water resources. Using drip irrigation systems around the country including Guilan province in recent years has been on the rise. Maintenance and obtaining maximum irrigation efficiency, reducing the cost of irrigation system establishment, operation and maintenance, and enhancing the economic lifetime of drip irrigation systems lead us to evaluate irrigation systems performance in a real situation. Thus, among a large number of kiwifruit gardens in Chaboksar, Roudsar, Amlash, Kelachay areas located in the East Guilan province, 33 gardens were selected and then coefficient of uniformity, distribution uniformity of emitters, potential application efficiency in low quarter, and variation coefficient of fabrication parameters were calculated. The results show that Chaboksar region with 82.63 and Kelachay region with 72.12 percent had the highest and lowest values of distribution uniformity, respectively. Furthermore average uniformity coefficient ranged from 77.18 for Kelachay to 84.93 percent for Amlash. Variation coefficient of fabrication was more than 15 percent in the whole area being in unacceptable level. The performance of irrigation systems in Chaboksar, Roudsar and Amlash areas was in good level, whereas Kelachay area classified in acceptable level.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
55
62
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87810_d08a40535c6eeb2c2d9a3386bdb6db68.pdf
Temporal and Spatial Monitoring of Ground Water Quality in Southern Plains of Fars Province to Use in Irrigation Systems
Nader
Pirmoradian
Assistant Professor of Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
author
Karim
Hejazi Jahromi
MSc. Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage and Member of Young Researcher’s Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
Seyyed Amir
Shamsnia
Department of Water Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
Naeem
Shahidi
Post Graduate Student of Water Resource Engineering and Member of Young Researcher’s Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University
author
text
article
2015
per
Groundwater is considered as one of the most important sources for supplying various usages of water, containing agriculture, drinking and industry. In this study, the southern plains of Fars province were selected to temporal and spatial monitoring of groundwater quality. For plains of Farashband, Ghirokarzin, Lar, Lamerd, Mohr and Khonj the 83 wells were selected and the variations of groundwater quality in period of 2006 to 2010 using qualitative indices such as EC, SAR, pH, Cl, Na and Mg was investigated. The temporal monitoring showed an increase in EC and SAR by 50 to 250% and 22 to 66.7%, respectively, due to the decrease of rainfall, drought accuracy and groundwater over-use. Due to the mapping results, the spatial variations of qualitative indices showed that the groundwater quality in Lar, Lamerd, Khonj and Mohr plains is at the critical conditions. Therefore, using of pressurized irrigation systems need to consider of managing plan.
Water Management in Agriculture
Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association
2476-4531
1
v.
2
no.
2015
63
74
https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_87811_5f70337c3f0fe35d28a9eb8db976097e.pdf