Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Safiabad- Dezful, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
2
Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education And Extention Organization, Dezful, Iran.
3
Seed and Plant Imprvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
4
Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education And Extention Organization, Dezful, Iran
Abstract
To develop high-yielding bread wheat cultivars with improved water productivity, a two-year field experiment (2021-2023) was conducted using a randomized complete block design. The experimental treatments consisted of five irrigation levels (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of Irrigation requirement) as the horizontal factor, and five wheat cultivars (Behrang, Shabrang, Aran, Taban, and Mahan) as the vertical factor, with three replications.Crop evapotranspiration was calculated using the evaporation pan method, and irrigation treatments were applied to use a drip irrigation system. In the homogeneity test (Bartlet) of the annual variance error and the combined analysis of variance revealed a significant year effect, attributable to variations in annual climatic conditions, particularly the amount and distribution of effective rainfall. On average, maximum grain yield was producted under full irrigation, while the highest water productivity was observed under deficit irrigation. Under full irrigation, the maximum variation in grain yield among cultivars was 4% and 6% in two different years, respectively. Using the two-year water consumption-yield curve, the grain produced per millimeter of water consumed by the cultivars ranged from 19.56 to 21.30 kg per hectare. By selecting appropriate cultivars and implementing deficit irrigation management, the water productivity and crop water productivity increased by 42% and 76%, respectively. Based on the grain yield production curve - annual and two-year average relative water supply and water requirements, the cultivars were classified into two groups and practical recommendations were provided for each group.
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