مزایا، کاربرد‌ها و چالش‌های مربوط به اینترنت اشیاء در آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

اینترنت اشیا، فناوری جدیدی است که به‌عنوان یک شبکه جهانی از ماشین‌آلات و دستگاه‌های قادر به تعامل با یکدیگر، تصور می‌شود. همچنین اینترنت اشیاء به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین زمینه‌های فناوری آینده شناخته شده و مورد توجه بسیاری از صنایع قرار گرفته است. ایــن سیســتم کــه احســاس، هــوش و توانایــی فکر کردن، به‌خاطرســپردن، تصمیم‌گرفتــن و واکنـش بـه محیـط فیزیکـی را از مغـز انسـان الهـام می‌گیـرد، از سـه قسـمت انواع حسگرها، شــبکه ارتباطــی واحدهــای پــردازش اطلاعــات و درگاه‌هـای هوشـمند و واحـد مدیریـت داده و پـردازش تشکیل شـده اسـت. این پژوهش که با استفاده از مطالعه کتابخانه‌ای وسیع و با استفاده از اطلاعات معتبر بین‌المللی به انجام رسیده، از پیشینه تا کاربردهای اینترنت اشیاء را دنبال کرده و تمامی اجزای کوچک تا بزرگ مربوط به این رویکرد در مزرعه را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. سپس کاربرد این مفهوم در علوم آبیاری به‌ویژه در خودکارسازی و هوشمندسازی سامانه‌‌های آبیاری در مزرعه بررسی شده است. در نهایت ابزارهای رایج نظیر حسگرهای درون مزرعه‌ای، شبکه حسگرهای بی‌سیم، ماهواره‌ها و استفاده از پهپادها که به‌عنوان یک وسیله در جهت نیل به هدف ارتباط بین اینترنت اشیاء و سامانه‌های هوشمند آبیاری در مزارع به شمار می‌روند، معرفی و مزایا، کاربردها و چالش‌های پیش روی فعلی و آتی اینترنت اشیاء در آبیاری بیان شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Benefits, Applications, and Challenges of the IoT in Irrigation

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoud Pourgholam Amiji
Ph.D Candidate, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The Internet of Things is a new technology that is conceived as a global network of machines and devices that can interact with each other. The Internet of Things is also known as one of the most important fields of technology of the future and has been considered by many industries. This system mimics the characteristics of emotion, intelligence, and the ability to think, memorize, make decisions, and react to the physical environment from the human brain. Also, from three parts of different types of sensors, the communication network of information processing units and intelligent and data management and processing units have been formed. The study, conducted using a large library study and using credible international information, traces the IoT from the background to applications and examines all the small to large components of this on-farm approach. Then the application of this concept in irrigation, especially in automation and intelligent irrigation systems in the field was investigated. Finally, common tools such as in-field sensors, wireless sensor networks, satellites, and the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle as a means to achieve the goal of communication between the Internet of Things and intelligent farm irrigation systems, were introduced. Finally, the benefits, applications, and challenges of the present and future of the Internet of Things in irrigation were outlined.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Smart Irrigation
  • Precision Agriculture
  • Supply Chain Management
  • Network and Data Security
  • Artificial Satellite and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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