اثر کم آبیاری بر عملکرد سه رقم گوجه‌فرنگی در دشت مرودشت

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزآباد

2 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

اثر تنش آب آبیاری بر ارقام گوجه‌فرنگی در دشت مرودشت فارس این آزمایش با سه رقم سوپر اوربانا، سوپر چف،کینگستون، دریکی از مزارع روستای فتح‌آباد واقع در شهرستان مرودشت موردبررسی قرار گرفت. آبیاری در5 سطح (مدیریت زارع ، 60، 80، 100 و120درصد آب موردنیاز گیاه از روش پنمن مانتیث) اعمال شد. عملیات کاشت، داشت و برداشت، به‌جز آبیاری توسط کشاورز و به‌طور یکسان در تیمارهای آزمایش‌ انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر تیمارهای آبیاری بر عملکرد محصول معنی‌دار است. تیمارهای 120 و 60 درصد نیاز آبی به ترتیب با 8840 و 4420 مترمکعب در هر هکتار، دارای بیشترین و کمترین مقدار آب مصرفی بودند. بیشترین کار آیی مصرف آب در تیمار80 درصد نیاز آبی و کمترین مقدار آن در تیمار60 درصد نیاز آبی به ترتیب 15/8 و10/7 کیلوگرم به ازای هر مترمکعب آب در هکتار به دست آمد. بنابراین تیمار نیاز آبی80 درصد به‌عنوان تیمار برتر پیشنهاد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of Deficit Irrigation on Three Tomato Cultivars Yield in Marvdasht Plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdulmutallab Olyan Ghiasi 1
  • Mohammad Ali Shahrokhnia 2
1 M.Sc. graduate, Islamic Azad University, Firuazabad branch, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The effect of water stress on tomato crop in Marvdasht region (Fars province) was investigated as five treatments in three cultivars (Super Urbana, Super Chef, Kingston) in 2014. The experiments were done in a farm in Fathabad country near Marvdasht town and were replicated three times. Irrigation water content treatments were considered in five levels (control, 60, 80, 100 and 120% water requirement). The irrigation water content was calculated by penman-montieth method. The above water requirements were determined considering leaching requirement and 90% irrigation efficiency in drip irrigation systam. Irrigation water was applied using calibrated water flow meters and the treatments were irrigated in four day periods. Planting, maintenance and harvesting operations were the same in all treatment. Planting was done by seeds. The control treatment was managed by the farmer and the plants were irrigated for about 8 hrs every 4 days. Results revealed significantly different yield between three cultivars. The irrigation water had highly significant effect, but the interaction between cultivars and water requirement was not significant. Also the effect of irrigation treatments on crop yield was significant. The highest and the lowest yield was obtained as 73729 kg/ha using 8840 m3/ha and 39551 kg/ha using 4420 m3/ha of water; respectively. These results showed that the water had significant effect on crop yield and the maximum water use efficiency was estimated as 8.5 in 80% water requirement treatment and the minimum was calculated as 7.1 kg/m3 for that of 60% water requirement treatment. So 80% water treatment is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation
  • Water stress
  • Water productivity
  • Tomato
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